Case Study: Using Data Mining to Predict Student Performance Based on Demographic Attributes

Nursyuhadah Alghazali Binti Muhammad Zahruddin - National Defense University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Nur Diyana Kamarudin - National Defense University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Ruzanna Mat Jusoh - National Defense University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Nur Aisyah Abdul Fataf - National Defense University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Rahmat Hidayat - Politeknik Negeri Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia


Citation Format:



DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.7.4.02454

Abstract


This study predicts student performance at Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM) based on their socio-demographic profile; it also determines how a prediction algorithm can be used to classify the student data for the most significant demographic attributes. The analytical pattern in academic results per batch has been identified using demographic attributes and the student's grades to improve short-term and long-term learning and teaching plans. Understanding the likely outcome of the education process based on predictions can help UPNM lecturers enhance the achievements of the subsequent batch of students by modifying the factors contributing to the prior success. This study identifies and predicts student performance using data mining and classification techniques such as decision trees, neural networks, and k-nearest neighbors. This frequently adopted method comprises data selection and preparation, cleansing, incorporating previous knowledge datasets, and interpreting precise solutions. This study presents the simplified output from each data mining method to facilitate a better understanding of the result and determine the best data mining method. The results show that the critical attributes influencing student performance are gender, age, and student status. The Neural Networks method has the lowest Root of the Mean of the Square of Errors (RMSE) for accuracy measurement. In contrast, the decision tree method has the highest RMSE, which indicates that the decision tree method has a lower performance accuracy. Moreover, the correlation coefficient for the k-nearest neighbor has been recorded as less than one.


Keywords


Demographic profiling; student performance prediction; UPNM; WEKA; data mining; knowledge discovery database

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References


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